This page answers one question for Bogorodskoye, Russia: is there anything worth going outside for tonight? It computes the sky live in your browser: satellite passes from current orbital elements, aurora chances from NOAA's live forecasts, planet positions, the meteor calendar, moonlight and your local cloud forecast, then ranks the lot from “skip” to “don't miss”.
The International Space Station passes over Bogorodskoye several times a day, but it's only visible when three things line up: it's above the horizon, it's still catching sunlight, and your sky is dark. That usually means a handful of evening and pre-dawn passes per week. This page computes the exact visible pass times for Bogorodskoye live, from current orbital data.
Sometimes. From around Bogorodskoye, the aurora borealis typically needs a geomagnetic storm of about Kp 5 or stronger, a few times a year in an active solar cycle. A dark horizon facing north and a long phone exposure catch it first.
It changes month to month. Venus, Jupiter, Saturn and Mars are the four worth looking for with the naked eye; whichever are up tonight over Bogorodskoye are listed on this page with the direction to face, how high to look, and the time they're best.
Major showers run on a fixed annual calendar: the Quadrantids (January), Perseids (August), Geminids (December) and half a dozen others. Whether one is worth watching from your location tonight depends on whether its radiant rises over your horizon, the moon, and cloud, which is exactly what this page scores.
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